Which empires are recognized as significant historical powers in West Africa?

The empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay represent significant historical powers in West Africa due to their extensive influence on trade, culture, and the spread of Islam in the region during the medieval period. Each of these empires played a crucial role in the development of West African civilization.

Ghana was one of the first great trading empires in West Africa, flourishing from around the 6th to the 13th century. It was known for its wealth, particularly in gold, and its strategic control over trade routes.

The Mali Empire succeeded Ghana and reached its peak under the rule of Mansa Musa in the 14th century, known for both its vast wealth and its promotion of education and the Islamic faith. Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca showcased the empire's wealth and contributed to the spread of Islamic culture and the establishment of important centers of learning, such as Timbuktu.

The Songhay Empire rose to prominence after the decline of Mali, becoming one of the largest empires in African history. It continued the legacies of trade and scholarship established by its predecessors and extended its influence over a significant portion of West Africa.

In contrast, the other groups listed do not have historical connections to West Africa. The Akkadian, Babylon