Which document guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and established frequent elections for Parliament?

The English Bill of Rights is the correct answer because it was enacted in 1689 and served to limit the powers of the monarchy while establishing certain civil rights for citizens, including the right to regular and free elections to Parliament. This document marked a significant step in the evolution of constitutional monarchy in England, emphasizing the importance of governance by consent and the rule of law.

The Magna Carta, drafted in 1215, primarily focused on the rights of the barons and limited the power of the king, but it did not establish the practice of regular elections. The Petition of Rights, passed in 1628, outlined specific liberties and challenged the authority of the king but also did not stipulate the necessity of regular parliamentary elections. The Mayflower Compact, created in 1620 by the Pilgrims in America, served as a social contract for self-governance but was not related to the rights of English citizens or the English parliamentary system.

Overall, the English Bill of Rights is foundational to democratic governance, ensuring that the citizens' voices would be heard through their elected representatives.