Which civilization is recognized for its awe-inspiring architecture and advanced social structures in the Western Hemisphere?

The Mayan civilization is recognized for its remarkable achievements in architecture and complex social structures in the Western Hemisphere. The Mayans are particularly noted for their elaborate cities, which featured grand pyramids, temples, and palaces constructed from limestone, reflecting advanced engineering and architectural skills. Significant examples include the pyramids at Tikal and the temples at Palenque, showcasing not only their architectural prowess but also their cosmological and religious beliefs.

In addition to their impressive buildings, the Mayan civilization had a highly developed social structure. They organized society into classes, including rulers, nobles, priests, and commoners, which facilitated governance and societal organization. The Mayans also engaged in extensive trade networks, supported agricultural practices, and developed sophisticated writing, mathematics, and calendar systems, showcasing their advanced intellectual achievements.

The Inca Civilization and the Aztec Civilization also displayed impressive architectural feats and social organization but are distinct from the Mayans in terms of their geographic locations, styles, and cultural practices. The Mongol Empire, while significant in its own right, is centered in Asia and does not belong to the Western Hemisphere context of this question. Therefore, the Mayans stand out as the civilization that embodies the architectural and social advancements being referenced.