What was the capital of the eastern half of the Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Empire?

The capital of the eastern half of the Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Empire was Constantinople. Originally founded as Byzantium, it was re-established as Constantinople by Emperor Constantine I in 330 AD. This new capital was strategically located on the Bosporus strait, making it a vital center for trade, military defense, and culture. As the Western Roman Empire declined and eventually fell in 476 AD, Constantinople became the political and cultural heart of the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire.

Constantinople's significance during this period cannot be overstated. It served as a bridge between Europe and Asia and maintained many aspects of Roman law, governance, and culture. The city continued to thrive for centuries, playing a crucial role in the progress of Christianity, art, and scholarship, which is why it is often viewed as a continuation of the Roman legacy long after the fall of Rome itself.