What term refers to the cultural movement that took place from the 14th to the 17th century, characterized by advancements in art, architecture, and science?

The term that refers to the cultural movement from the 14th to the 17th century, known for significant advancements in art, architecture, and science, is the Renaissance. This period marked a profound transformation in European society, characterized by a renewed interest in the classical art and philosophy of Ancient Greece and Rome. It fostered innovations such as perspective in painting, the use of chiaroscuro, and iconic breakthroughs in literature and scientific inquiry. Figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Galileo became emblematic of this era, demonstrating how the Renaissance was a pivotal moment that laid the foundation for modern Western thought and creativity. The Renaissance celebrated humanism, the idea of human potential and agency, which significantly influenced various fields such as literature, science, and politics, heralding the transition from the medieval mindset to a more explorative and rational worldview.