What series of events took place from 1096 aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem and assisting the Byzantine Empire?

The series of events that took place from 1096 aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem and assisting the Byzantine Empire is known as the Crusades. These were military campaigns initiated by European Christians, particularly following a call from Pope Urban II, to respond to the capture of Jerusalem by Muslim forces and to support the Byzantine Empire against Turkish advances. The First Crusade, which began in 1096, was driven by religious fervor and the desire to restore Christian control over the Holy Land.

The Crusades involved multiple military expeditions over several centuries, with various motivations, including religious zeal, territorial expansion, and economic gain. They also had significant cultural, political, and social impacts on both Europe and the Middle East.

Other options such as the Reconquista referred to the campaign to drive Muslims out of the Iberian Peninsula, the Inquisition involved the church's efforts to maintain religious orthodoxy, and the Protestant Reformation was focused on reforming practices within Christianity. Each of these events is distinct and serves different historical contexts. Therefore, the Crusades are the most appropriate answer in relation to reclaiming Jerusalem and supporting the Byzantine Empire.