What major geopolitical theme does the policy of extending economic, political, or military control by stronger nations represent?

The policy of extending economic, political, or military control by stronger nations primarily represents European Imperialism. This historical phenomenon, particularly prominent from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, involved European powers expanding their empires by conquering territory, exerting influence over local economies, and establishing political control over various regions around the world.

European Imperialism is characterized by the notion that stronger nations would often justify their control as a civilizing mission, promoting concepts like the spread of Western culture and civilization, while also exploiting resources and local populations for economic gain. This expansion often led to significant changes in the social, political, and economic structures of the colonized areas, profoundly impacting global relations and the historical narrative of many regions.

In contrast, other themes are appropriately focused in different contexts. Isolationism refers to a national policy of avoiding involvement in international affairs, which does not align with expansion efforts. Colonial Expansion, while closely related, is a broader term that may not specify the European context. Collective Security refers to an agreement among nations to respond collectively to threats, differing fundamentally from the unilateral control implied in this geopolitical theme.