What is the practice of large, state-run farms meant to increase agricultural efficiency called?

The practice of large, state-run farms designed to increase agricultural efficiency is known as collectivization. This approach involves consolidating several small farms into large, collectively owned farms managed by the state or a cooperative. The primary goal of collectivization is to boost agricultural output by promoting more efficient farming techniques and economies of scale, enabling better distribution of resources, and increasing productivity.

Collectivization has been historically associated with various countries, particularly during the 20th century in the Soviet Union, where it was part of broader economic reforms. This method aimed to transform the agricultural sector fundamentally, aligning it with industrial goals and facilitating the movement toward a more centralized, planned economy.

In contrast, industrialization refers to the process of transitioning from agrarian economies to ones dominated by industry and manufacturing, which is distinct from the specifics of agricultural organization. Capitalization generally relates to the investment in capital assets and private ownership in the economy, while nationalization refers to the transfer of private assets into public ownership by the government. Thus, these concepts do not capture the essence of the state-managed, collective farming model that collectivization represents.