What ancient Indian religion is characterized by a belief in reincarnation and multiple deities?

Hinduism is characterized by its belief in reincarnation (the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth) and the worship of multiple deities, each representing various aspects of life and the universe. This religion has a rich tapestry of myths, scriptures, and traditions that illustrate the understanding of the divine in multiple forms, including gods and goddesses such as Vishnu, Shiva, and Devi. The belief in karma, the law of moral cause and effect, is also central to Hindu thought and closely ties into the concept of reincarnation, suggesting that one's actions in this life will influence future lives.

In contrast, Buddhism, while it also shares the concept of reincarnation to some extent, is primarily focused on overcoming suffering and achieving enlightenment rather than worshipping deities. Islam is monotheistic and emphasizes the worship of a single, indivisible God (Allah), without the concept of reincarnation. Daoism, rooted in Chinese philosophy, focuses on harmony with the Dao (the way), and does not emphasize reincarnation or the worship of multiple deities in the same way that Hinduism does. Therefore, Hinduism stands out as the ancient Indian religion that distinctly embodies the beliefs described in the question.