The Articles of Confederation were known for which significant weakness?

The Articles of Confederation established the first national government of the United States, but one of their significant weaknesses was the lack of power to tax. This limitation severely hampered the federal government's ability to generate revenue, which was essential for fulfilling its responsibilities, such as paying off war debts, funding the military, and maintaining public services. Without the authority to levy taxes, the central government depended on voluntary contributions from the states, which were often insufficient.

The absence of taxing power led to financial instability and made it difficult for the government to operate effectively. This issue highlighted the inefficiencies of the Articles of Confederation and contributed to calls for a stronger federal government, ultimately resulting in the drafting of the U.S. Constitution.

The other options describe mechanisms of government that were not adequately supported under the Articles; for example, the Articles did not provide for a strong executive branch or an independent judicial system, which were both necessary for cohesive governance. The regulation of trade was also difficult because the Articles lacked the authority to manage commerce between states effectively.